英语非谓语动词作宾语知识注解详解 （1）“s+vt + to do sth”。 口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装；       主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 decided/determine,learn,want, expect/hope/wish;   refuse,manage/try/seek/attempt,care,pretend;   offer,promise,choose,plan;    agree,ask/beg,help.  I’ve determined to meet him at ten o’clock. 我决定在10点钟见他。  I didn’t expect to find you here. 我不期望在这找到你。 （2）“s+vt + 特殊疑问词 + to do sth” v：tell/advise/show/teach/find out/decide/discuss/learn/ forget/inquire/know/explain/remember/seeto/understand/wonder... 人教高中英语单词 人教版新目标初中英语 高中英语课文 特殊疑问词：what/where/who（m）/when/how/whether/which（特殊：why/why not+do sth?）  I haven’t decided whether to sell it or not. 我还没有决定是否卖她。  We must find out what to do next . 我们必须找出下一步做什么。 （3）“s+vt+it+n/adj+to do sth”（ it作形式宾语） vt:make/find/think/believe/imagine/consider/suppose/like/dislike/hate/love/appreciate/see to/depend on/take it for granted...  I find it difficult to understand him. 我发现理解它很困难。  We thought it wrong not to help her. 我认为不帮助他很困难。 （4）省to的结构： ① S + do+ except /but/besides+（to）do sth（前有do后无to） ② S + can’t（ choose/help ）but do sth ③ S + would rather /sooner/prefer…than（to）do sth ④ S + do no more than do sth ⑤ S + had betterdo sth ⑥ S + may/might as well do sth ⑦ 使役动词（make/have/let）/感官动词（look/see/watch/notice/observe/feel/hear/listen to）+宾语+（to）do sth ⑧ “吾看三室两厅一感觉”：5看（look at/see/watch/notice/observe）；3使（make/let/have）；2听（listen to/hear）；1感觉 （feel） ⑨ have no choice/chance/opportunity but to do sth除做某事无别的选择  They could do nothing but wait for the doctors to arrive. 他们不能做什么除了等待着医生到来外。  He had no choice but to give in. 除屈服外没有选择。 Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress­related disorders. Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fight­or­flight” reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight­or­flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (“befriend”)． Scientists have long known that in the fight­or­flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones (激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend­or­befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones. In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost. The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs. The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress­related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend­and­befriend regulatory (调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men. 1. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to ________.     A. turn to friends for help    B. solve a conflict calmly     C. find an escape from reality    D. seek comfort from children 2. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?     A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do. B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.     C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.     D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men. 3. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?     A. How men and women get over stress     B. How men and women suffer from stress     C. How researchers overcome stress problems     D. How researchers handle stress­related disorders